food service admin vs culinary art

Md Nizam Mahat @ Ibrahim
Pegawai Teknologi Makanan
mdnizam@putra.upm.edu.my
Kompleks Perkhidmatan Makanan
Tel : 03-8947 1155
Faks : 03-8942 3552

wah rakan seangkatan dah jadi pegawai ah kat sana...

ini link nak ke fakulti aku... singgah lah: http://www.food.upm.edu.my/index.html

eh eh en mohiddin dah ada title DR.. sama denagn en shahrim... eh silap.. kena panggil dr mohiddin dan dr shahrim!!!

ok ok.. entry kali ini tiada kaitan dengan gambar di atas.... he he he...

ada orang mempertikaikan kredibiliti dalam masakan aku... kononnya aku ni lulusan dari UPM... amik sains makanan tapi tak pandai masak..."men nan nah"...

so aku nak tegas kan di sini...

aku bukan ambil culinary art!!! aku amik Food Studies major in FOOD SERVICE ADMIN

BEZA TAU!!!!

bengkek!!!

subjek yang aku amek masa belajar kat UPM dulu:

nah amik ko!!!

1. FUNDAMENTAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
2. PRINCIPLES OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
3. FOOD SERVICE MANAGEMENT
4. FOOD SERVICE SANITATION
5. FOOD CHEMISTRY (INTRO)
6. FOOD SERVICE (INTRO)
7. PUBLIC SPEAKING
8. BUSINESS AND ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT
9. MANDARIN 1
10. FOOD CHEMISTRY
11. NUTRITIONAL CHANGES IN FOOD
12. FOOD SERVICE LAYOUT AND DESIGN
13. FOOD PACKAGING
14. QUANTITY FOOD PRODUCTION (3+1)
    
15. PURCHASING AND MENU PLANNING
16. FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY LAW
17. FOOD QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION
18. STATISTICS FOR FOOD SCIENCE
19. RESTAURANT MANAGEMENT
20. FOOD SERVICE INFORMATION SYSTEM
21. HUMAN RELATIONS IN FOOD SERVICE
22. SENSORY EVALUATION
23. FOOD TOXICOLOGY
24. COMMERCIAL FOOD SERVICE MANAGEMENT
25. BEVERAGE MANAGEMENT
26. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

culinary art pulak baru lah bab masak masak.... dah habis belajar jadi chef ke tukang masak ke...

Culinary art is the art of cooking. The word "culinary" is defined as something related to, or connected with, cooking or kitchens. A culinarian is a person working in the culinary arts. A culinarian working in restaurants is commonly known as a cook or a chef. Culinary artists are responsible for skillfully preparing meals that are as pleasing to the palate as to the eye. Increasingly they are required to have a knowledge of the science of food and an understanding of diet and nutrition. They work primarily in restaurants, fast food chain store franchises, delicatessens, hospitals and other institutions. Kitchen conditions vary depending on the type of business, restaurant, nursing home etc

Ujian MEDSI-DPLI

aku telah mendapat tiket panggilan ke ujian saringan utk DPLI hari sabtu ini... OoO.. bukan kat sekolah assunta lah... tapi dekat Sek Men Keb Taman Medan... terlalu dekat dengan rumah mak aku di jalan kelang lama itu...

kepada rakan rakan seangkatan... sama sama lah kita berdoa... moga moga kita antara yang layak utk menjadi guru yang disegani...

doakan kejayaan saya....

birthday cake for him

tiada kata seindah bahasa
happy birthday

first time buat birthday kek untuk ayah kepada anak anak aku... selama ni beli je kat King o Secret recipe... better buat lah... jimat sangat... tapi tak tau lah sedap ke tidak... satu lagi aku ni memang tangan kayu... susah nak di lembutkan... sebab tu aku tak pandai nak hias kek itu... satu lagi alasan paling best...untuk menjaga keaslian dan mutu coklat, tak perlu di hiasi dengan bungaan atau pun apa sahaja bentuk cream!!!

terima kasih kepada blog sudip kayu. resepi kek coklat kukus yang mudah sgt nak buat... janji barang semua ada kan... senang sgt nak buat...

utk topping saya rujuk kat sini

tiada chocolate indulgence tahun ini... mahupun banana chocolate from secret recipe...

dah nak pukul 3 pagi rasanya... sempat juga aku buat dadih coklat... ayah kepada anak anak aku suka dadih... so jemputlah ye... jemput tgk!!! he he he

asam pedas ikan tenggiri

hari ii aku masak asam pedas ikan tenggiri... ingat nak buat masak lemak cili api.... malas pulak... tekaka terasa rasa... mengidam ngidam nak makan asam pedas... ikan tenggiri ni aku beli kat simpang muara sungai duyong... harga sekilo RM17... tapi ikan ni tak sama dengan tenggiri batang lah... tenggiri batang sedap banyak... ikan tenggiri yang jenis ini kureng sikit... tapi maklum lah kan.. tenggiri batang mahal... selalu beli 3 slices je... kat tesco boleh dapat bawah RM10 (sekilo dalam RM19.90)

resepi campak campak aje... sape nak tau resepi boleh guna search engine google ke altavista ke...

sayur ni pun main campak campak aje... nak cepat... takut si kecil jaga... special nya ada daging kisar... bersuap suap anak aku si haziq amirul haq makan... izz emir haq pun begitu...

10 tahun yang lalu....

10 April 1999

sekitar 8-9 malam:
aku telefon kau.
kau ada di rumah mak ngah kau di bangsar
baru sampai
dari skudaitelefon untuk pengesahan.
Sunway Lagoon
2 tiket aku dapat.
aku tipu kau.
aku cakap
aku dapat free.

11 April 1999

jumpa kau.
konon raikan hari lahir kau
janji kat bus-stand klang,KL.
tunggu kat ruangan menunggu.
kau pakai baju t-shirt
warna cream
maui & sons
dan ber"cap" hijau
tulis hard rock cafe.

dalam bas
parkmay/cityliner
no 51-klang.
kau duduk depan.
aku duduk belakang.
aku kan brutal dulu.
apa barang
duduk depan.

turun bas
kat sunway piramid.
jalan kaki
masuk sunway lagoon.
lengan berikat
ala gelang (tanda bertiket).
time makan aku hulur hadiah.
kau bukak depan aku.

balik.

on the way balik.

kau dan aku naik bas metro.
turun kat kotaraya.
jenjalan kat petaling street.
menuju ke tempat menunggu bas.

kau tanya aku.
aku jawab
aku suka kue teow
kau ingat aku sengal
"do you like mee?"

hah

kat taxi stand
berhampiran LRT Pasar Seni
mengadap CM (central Market)

kau cakap
kau suka aku
kau cakap
kau nak serious

aku bantai jawab
kau dah kerja nanti
kau akan jumpa
jumpa perempuan
perempuan yang
lebih baik
lebih cantik
lebih seksi
ala ala lebih
dari miss universe
kau kan nak
yang ala ala
perempuan melayu terakhir
sekarang kita
tengah belajar
tak nampak lagi
mata kau
tak terbuka
luas lagi

kau dah kerja
pasti
mata kau
terbeliak

dunia luas
pasti terbentang
nanti

dah balik.
aku dah sampai rumah

tetiba kol
kau cakap
kau rindu
rupanya kau
ada kat LRT pasar seni lagi

(gila haper mamat nih)

aku buat dek je...
buat buat tak dengar
aku buat buat
tak de mood
off

16 April 1999

aku dapat surat kau
kau tulis 13 dan 14 april
4 surat penuh
depan belakang

kau tulis
kau rindu
kau highlight
"kata2 perangsang dan semangat"
sbb kau tak nak
kena tendang lagi

kau MALI
aku ELLA
geli kan
bila aku bukak
bukak surat nih
aku bantai gelak

tapi aku suka kau
kau creative
setiap surat
ada kelainan


ending surat
-KUCH KUCH HOTA HAI-
-MALI-
14/APRIL/99


geli kau
kau tengok hindustan
aku allergic hindustan

10 april 2009
aku dan kau
memang berbeza
aku harap
aku dapat jadi
jadi macam dulu

mali... kalau kau ada cari aku
dan jumpa di blog aku..
pesanan... aku dah kawen... anak dah dua... tapi laki aku tak se handsome kau lah

sorang kahwin kan.. sorang lagi ceraikan

hoiiiiiiiiiii!!!

kejap ko kawen kan
kejap ko ceraikan...
dan ada pulak madu-madu baru...

heiya... !!!

hey!!!

rakyat dah bosan ah!!!

pening kepala tau!!!

nnt kalau gi temuduga SPA... dibuat nye diorang yang berbaur politik nih tanya

kementerian apakah yang dikahwinkan kemudian di ceraikan?...
apakah nama madu bg kementerian yang ada PENERANGAN & KOMUNIKASI?

bodoh betul

geram aku.. ce rigid sket...

ce teguh sikit

walau tukar tukar org.. sama je sasaran...

senarai penuh barisan Kabinet baru

sumber: utusan malaysia

KUALA LUMPUR 9 April - Berikut ialah senarai penuh barisan Kabinet baru yang diumumkan oleh Perdana Menteri, Datuk Seri Najib Razak sebentar tadi.

PERDANA MENTERI : Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak

TIMBALAN PERDANA MENTERI: Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin

JABATAN PERDANA MENTERI:

Menteri:

1. Tan Sri Dr Koh Tsu Koon (Hal Ehwal Perpaduan & Pengurusan Prestasi)

2. Datuk Seri Mohamed Nazri Abdul Aziz (Hal Ehwal Perundangan dan Parlimen)

3. Tan Sri Nor Mohamed Yakcop (Unit Perancang Ekonomi)

4. Mejar Jeneral (B) Datuk Jamil Khir Baharom (Hal Ehwal Agama Islam)

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Liew Vui Keong

2. Datuk Dr. Mashitah Ibrahim

3. Datuk S.K. Devamany

4. Ahmad Maslan

5. T. Murugiah

KEMENTERIAN KEWANGAN:

Menteri: Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak

Menteri II: Datuk Ahmad Husni Mohamad Hanadzlah

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Chor Chee Heung

2. Datuk Dr. Awang Adek Hussin

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN:

Menteri: Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Dr Wee Ka Siong

2. Dr. Mohd Puad Zarkashi

KEMENTERIAN PENGANGKUTAN:

Menteri: Datuk Ong Tee Keat

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Abdul Rahim Bakri

2. Datuk Robert Lau Hoi Chew

KEMENTERIAN PERUSAHAAN, PERLADANGAN DAN KOMODITI:

Menteri: Tan Sri Bernard Dompok

Timbalan Menteri: Datuk Hamzah Zainudin

KEMENTERIAN DALAM NEGERI:

Menteri: Datuk Seri Hishammuddin Tun Hussein

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Wira Abu Seman Yusop

2. Jelaing anak Mersat

KEMENTERIAN PENERANGAN, KOMUNIKASI, KESENIAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN:

Menteri: Datuk Seri Utama Dr. Rais Yatim

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Joseph Salang Gandum

2. Senator Heng Seai Kie

KEMENTERIAN TENAGA, TEKNOLOGI HIJAU DAN AIR:

Menteri: Datuk Peter Chin Fah Kui

Timbalan Menteri: Noriah Kasnon

KEMENTERIAN KEMAJUAN LUAR BANDAR DAN WILAYAH:

Menteri: Datuk Seri Shafie Apdal

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Hassan Malek

2. Datuk Joseph Entulu anak Belaun

KEMENTERIAN PENGAJIAN TINGGI:

Menteri: Datuk Seri Mohd Khaled Nordin

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Dr. Hou Kok Chung

2. Datuk Saifuddin Abdullah

KEMENTERIAN PERDAGANGAN ANTARABANGSA DAN INDUSTRI:

Menteri: Datuk Mustapa Mohamed

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Mukhriz Mahathir

2. Datuk Jacob Dungau Sagan

KEMENTERIAN SAINS, TEKNOLOGI DAN INNOVASI:

Menteri: Datuk Dr. Maximus Ongkili

Timbalan Menteri: Fadillah Yusof

KEMENTERIAN SUMBER ASLI DAN ALAM SEKITAR:

Menteri: Datuk Douglas Uggah Embas

Timbalan Menteri: Tan Sri Joseph Kurup

KEMENTERIAN PELANCONGAN:

Menteri: Datuk Ng Yen Yen

Timbalan Menteri: Datuk Seri Sulaiman Abdul Rahman Abdul Taib

KEMENTERIAN PERTANIAN DAN INDUSTRI ASAS TANI:

Menteri: Datuk Noh Omar

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Johari Baharum

2. Datuk Rohani Abdul Karim

KEMENTERIAN PERTAHANAN:

Menteri: Datuk Seri Dr Ahmad Zahid Hamidi

Timbalan Menteri: Datuk Dr Abdul Latiff Ahmad

KEMENTERIAN KERJA RAYA:

Menteri: Datuk Shaziman Abu Mansor

Timbalan Menteri: Datuk Yong Khoon Seng

KEMENTERIAN KESIHATAN:

Menteri: Datuk Liow Tiong Lai

Timbalan Menteri: Datuk Rosnah Rashid Shirlin

KEMENTERIAN BELIA DAN SUKAN:

Menteri: Datuk Ahmad Shabery Cheek

Timbalan Menteri:

1. Datuk Razali Ibrahim

2. Wee Jeck Seng

KEMENTERIAN SUMBER MANUSIA:

Menteri: Datuk Dr S.Subramaniam

Timbalan: Datuk Maznah Mazlan

KEMENTEIAN PERDAGANGAN DALAM NEGERI DAN HAL EHWAL PENGGUNA:

Menteri: Datuk Ismail Sabri Yaakob

Timbalan Menteri: Datuk Tan Lian Hoe

KEMENTERIAN PERUMAHAN DAN KERAJAAN TEMPATAN:

Menteri: Datuk Kong Cho Ha

Timbalan Menteri: Datuk Lajim Ukin

KEMENTERIAN PEMBANGUNAN WANITA, KELUARGA DAN MASYARAKAT:

Menteri: Datuk Seri Sharizat Jalil

Timbalan Menteri: Datin Paduka Chew Mei Fun

KEMENTERIAN LUAR:

Menteri: Datuk Anifah Aman

Timbalan Menteri:

1. A. Kohilan Pillay

DPLI

Sabtu minggu depan je exam MEDSI... malam tadi aku kol rosmaliza jidin... ty kan tips... and bentuk soalan.. aku mmg tak pernah menduduki peperiksaan ini... aku pilih sekolah menengah assunta sbb dekat dengan umah mak aku kat jalan kelang lama... so anak anak aku adik aku leh tengokkan... huhu

tips.. soalan insak tuh ada berulang ulang soalannya... katakanlah soalan no 13 sama dengan soalan no 50 , jawapan mesti sama...

One Million Dollar chance for a Lifetime

aku suka tgk ni..masa darjah 5 dulu.. tahun 1990

give me D please... trutttt... blink...

a bit info about this game...

sorce:wikipedia

The $1,000,000 Chance of a Lifetime was an American game show which offered a $1 million (annuitized) grand prize to winning contestants. Based on a late 1970s unsold game show pilot titled The Letter Machine, the show aired in syndication from January 6, 1986 until September 11, 1987. The show was hosted by Jim Lange, and he was joined by Karen Thomas as co-host during the second season. Marc Summers was the show's announcer for its first few weeks and Johnny Gilbert announced the remainder of the series. The show was produced and distributed by Lorimar-Telepictures, the first show ever to be distributed by them after Telepictures purchased Lorimar Productions in 1985.

The show's $1,000,000 top prize was, at the time, the largest ever prize offered by a game show, and nine couples won the prize.

nasi lemak

hah.. hari ini aku buat nasi lemak... he he he... tak tau lah lagi apa kah rasanya... belum ku jamah walau sebutir nasi lemak itu... nasi lemak kali ini tidak ada bau pandan... sebab daun pandan tiada... walaupun terdapat yang menanam daun pandan di kawasan kejiranan ku ini, aku malu nak meminta... biarlah... ku ganti kan dengan hirisan halia... wangi juga.... nasi lemak tidak beralaskan daun pisang... mana nak capai daun pisang.. sekali lagi... di kawasan kejiranan ku ini mmg ada yang menanam pokok pisang... malu ku nak lurutkan daunnya... biarlah... hurm.. bila lah si mamat parang tajam (tiru skrip cerita apa ntah..."si mamat parang kontot") tu nak balik.... nak suruh dia rasa...

hurm.. lusa birthday si encek H... aku sedang mencari resepi nak buat kek coklat kukus... guna oven macam kering je... so ingat nak kukus... lembab n sedap sikit nak jamah nanti...

hydrocephalus

aku masih teringatkan si kecil Syirah... mengapa si kecil itu derita... derita tatkala usia baru sahaja 6 bulan

resepi mudah kek coklat kukus.. any?

sumber:http://sudipkayu.blogspot.com/2008/03/kek-coklat-kukus.html

2 cawan tepung blue key (aku guna tepung naik sendiri brand Tesco)
1 cawan gula halus
1 cawan susu pekat manis
1 cawan milo
1 cwn serbuk koko
4 biji telur ayam
1 cawan minyak masak
1 cawan air panas

dan juga..periuk kukus la..of course!

Cara2:

Campurkan semua bhn satu persatu. Just pakai wisk , xyah pakai mixer..takut terlalu naik nanti...bancuh rata then kukus dlm masa 40 minit camtu...senang taw! sedap & moist lagi!

dari: http://www.myresipi.com/top/detail/557

• 1 cawan gula perang
• 1 cawan susu segar perisa coklat
• 1 cawan minyak
• 3/4 cawan serbuk koko
• 1/2 cawan susu pekat manis
• 1 1/4 cawan tepung gandum
• 1 sudu teh soda bikarbonat
• 1 sudu teh baking powder
• 3 biji telur

1. Ayak tepung, soda bikarbonat & baking powder
2. Masukkan serbuk koko, gula, susu segar, susu pekat dan minyak ke dalam periuk dan panaskan di atas api kecil sehingga semua larut. Matikan api.
3. Pukul telur hingga kembang dan masukkan ke dalam bancuhan koko.
4. Masukkan tepung sedikit sedikit dan gaul sebati.
5. Tuang ke dalam loyang yang telah di lengser dengan minyak/ lapik dengan kertas minyak.
6. Tutup loyang dengan aluminium Foil dan kukus selama 1 jam di dalam kukusan yang telah dipanaskan.
7. Angkat dan sejukkan.

dari:kak liza

Bahan-bahan

Bahan A 220 gm tepung gandum 1 s/k baking powder 1/2 s/k soda bikarbonat 50 gm serbuk koko 180 gm gula perang Bahan B 2 biji telur 1 s/k esen vanila Bahan C 200 ml susu cair 200 ml minyak mazola 200 mi air panas Cream Coklat: 300 gm coklat masakan [potong kecil] 50 gm fresh cream

Cara Memasak

1. Gaulkan semua bahan A dalam mangkuk supaya rata. 2. Pukul Bahan B dalam mangkuk berasingan. Masukkan dalam mangkuk bahan A. Kacau rata. 3. Masukkan Bahan C dalam adunan bahan A. Kacau rata. 4. Panaskan kukusan sehingga mendideh dan lapikkan kertas minyak dalam loyang 8 x 8 inci. 5. Masukkan adunan dalam loyang dan kukuskan selama 1 jam. 6. Bila telah mask buka tudung kukusan perlahan supaya air tidak menitik keatas kek. 7. Hiaskan dengan cream coklat. Cream Coklat: 1. Panaskan coklat didalam periuk secara double boiling. 2. Bila nampak coklat hampir cair tutup api. 3. Masukkan fresh cream dan kacau sebati sehingga agak sejuk 4. Bila dah hampir sejuk tuangkan atas kek dan hiaskan mengikut kesukaan sendiri.

what is ovallete

Ovalette:
Ovalette is a stabiliser used in baking sponge cakes. It helps the eggs to rise rapidly and stiffly. As it is acidic it also helps the beaten eggs to remain stable and not lose the airy and voluminous texture. It makes sponge cake softer and smoother.

kisah aku di klinik desa...airmata berguguran

pakaian si kecil ku letakkan di satu sudut... ada anak kecil lain yang seperti aku juga... membogelkan anak anak untuk ditimbang... aku melirik si anak kecil bersebelahan anak ku... "Ya ALlah!!! AllahuAkhbar!!!" tak semena mena airmata ku mengalir... si kecil itu memiliki saiz kepala yang besar... aku terdiam... memikirkan apakah yang harus aku mulakan... bicara bersama si ibu yang istimewa itu... "tabah sungguh hatimu..." bisik hatiku!!! anak aku asyik menarik rambut si kecil itu... si kecil itu menangis...

selesai menimbang berat anak aku, aku ke kerusi aku semula, ku meraba... mencari kiranya ada rezeki untuk si kecil... beberapa keping duit nota RM1 ku kumpul...(aku mmg jarang bawak duit lebih..sebab aku suka sorok duit)... aku merapati ibu si kecil tadi... kuhulurkan buat anaknya... niat aku ikhlas, selain doa... aku harap biarpun kecil nilai duit yang diberi, aku mahu ibu tabah itu merasakan bahawa ada insan lain yang memahami situasinya... "simpanlah untuk sikecil, tak banyak manapun... mungkin berguna ketika berada di GHKL nanti"...

kami berborak... nama ibu tabah itu Liza, nama aku pula Zila... tersenyum kami, apabila teringat jururawat pelatih memanggil nama aku Noraliza... dan nombor giliran kami pula tidak jauh beza... aku menyangka Noraliza... sebetulnya, jururawat pelatih itu tersalah menyebut nama ku, patutnya nama ku NORAZILA... sempat aku mengambil no telefon, mana tau kan.. mood suami aku baik, dapatlah kami menjengah Syirah (nama si kecil) di GHKL (General Hospital Kuala Lumpur) kalau kami sekeluarga balik KL nanti, andai berjaya di lakukan pembuangan cecair di otaknya...

dalam berborak, airmata ku jatuh lagi... usia Syirah sebaya anak ku...izz emir haq... beza 6 hari sahaja... izz emir haq 17hb Syirah pula 23hb... lagi hiba apabila liza menyebut... "anak akak sihat tak pe"... "Jangan bandingkan anak anak... kamu dah cukup istimewa dikurniakan anak sebegini..." aku tak mampu berkata apa... aku potong sendiri ayat aku... bertanyakan tentang kerjaya Liza pula... aku berpaling berpura pura mahu menyusukan izz emir haq, sambil mengesat airmata....

"Ya Allah!!!"

Liza berbual lagi, dan aku bertanya tentang prosedur yang perlu dijalani...menurut Liza, doktor akan periksa saluran yang tersumbat, kalau tak jumpa kena bedah lah.... dan tiub akan dipasang sampai ke pusat... seumur hidup... Liza masih mampu tersenyum... aku tau dalam hatinya pasti berteriak menangis... ada kes yang liza jumpa lumpuh... "dulu tgk kat TV anak orang ada penyakit ini, sekarang kena kat anak sendiri..." liza seakan mengejek dirinya... aku memberi perangsang... "Allah pasti tujuannya..."

sedikit info tentang hydrocephalus (kepala besar di sebabkan pengumpulan cecair dalam otak)
sumber: di sini

What is hydrocephalus?

The term hydrocephalus is derived from the Greek words "hydro" meaning water and "cephalus" meaning head. As the name implies, it is a condition in which the primary characteristic is excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain. Although hydrocephalus was once known as "water on the brain," the "water" is actually cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — a clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. The excessive accumulation of CSF results in an abnormal widening of spaces in the brain called ventricles. This widening creates potentially harmful pressure on the tissues of the brain.

The ventricular system is made up of four ventricles connected by narrow passages.. Normally, CSF flows through the ventricles, exits into cisterns (closed spaces that serve as reservoirs) at the base of the brain, bathes the surfaces of the brain and spinal cord, and then reabsorbs into the bloodstream.

CSF has three important life-sustaining functions:
1) to keep the brain tissue buoyant, acting as a cushion or "shock absorber";
2) to act as the vehicle for delivering nutrients to the brain and removing waste; and
3) to flow between the cranium and spine and compensate for changes in intracranial blood volume (the amount of blood within the brain).

The balance between production and absorption of CSF is critically important. Because CSF is made continuously, medical conditions that block its normal flow or absorption will result in an over-accumulation of CSF. The resulting pressure of the fluid against brain tissue is what causes hydrocephalus.

What are the different types of hydrocephalus?

Hydrocephalus may be congenital or acquired. Congenital hydrocephalus is present at birth and may be caused by either events or influences that occur during fetal development, or genetic abnormalities. Acquired hydrocephalus develops at the time of birth or at some point afterward. This type of hydrocephalus can affect individuals of all ages and may be caused by injury or disease.

Hydrocephalus may also be communicating or non-communicating. Communicating hydrocephalus occurs when the flow of CSF is blocked after it exits the ventricles. This form is called communicating because the CSF can still flow between the ventricles, which remain open. Non-communicating hydrocephalus - also called "obstructive" hydrocephalus - occurs when the flow of CSF is blocked along one or more of the narrow passages connecting the ventricles. One of the most common causes of hydrocephalus is "aqueductal stenosis." In this case, hydrocephalus results from a narrowing of the aqueduct of Sylvius, a small passage between the third and fourth ventricles in the middle of the brain.

There are two other forms of hydrocephalus which do not fit exactly into the categories mentioned above and primarily affect adults: hydrocephalus ex-vacuo and normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Hydrocephalus ex-vacuo occurs when stroke or traumatic injury cause damage to the brain. In these cases, brain tissue may actually shrink. Normal pressure hydrocephalus can happen to people at any age, but it is most common among the elderly. It may result from a subarachnoid hemorrhage, head trauma, infection, tumor, or complications of surgery. However, many people develop normal pressure hydrocephalus even when none of these factors are present for reasons that are unknown.

Who gets this disorder?

The number of people who develop hydrocephalus or who are currently living with it is difficult to establish since there is no national registry or database of people with the condition. However, experts estimate that hydrocephalus affects approximately 1 in every 500 children.

What causes hydrocephalus?

The causes of hydrocephalus are still not well understood. Hydrocephalus may result from inherited genetic abnormalities (such as the genetic defect that causes aqueductal stenosis) or developmental disorders (such as those associated with neural tube defects including spina bifida and encephalocele). Other possible causes include complications of premature birth such as intraventricular hemorrhage, diseases such as meningitis, tumors, traumatic head injury, or subarachnoid hemorrhage, which block the exit of CSF from the ventricles to the cisterns or eliminate the passageway for CSF into the cisterns.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms of hydrocephalus vary with age, disease progression, and individual differences in tolerance to the condition. For example, an infant's ability to compensate for increased CSF pressure and enlargement of the ventricles differs from an adult's. The infant skull can expand to accommodate the buildup of CSF because the sutures (the fibrous joints that connect the bones of the skull) have not yet closed.

In infancy, the most obvious indication of hydrocephalus is often a rapid increase in head circumference or an unusually large head size. Other symptoms may include vomiting, sleepiness, irritability, downward deviation of the eyes (also called "sunsetting"), and seizures.

Older children and adults may experience different symptoms because their skulls cannot expand to accommodate the buildup of CSF. Symptoms may include headache followed by vomiting, nausea, papilledema (swelling of the optic disk which is part of the optic nerve), blurred or double vision, sunsetting of the eyes, problems with balance, poor coordination, gait disturbance, urinary incontinence, slowing or loss of developmental progress, lethargy, drowsiness, irritability, or other changes in personality or cognition including memory loss.

Symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus include, problems with walking, impaired bladder control leading to urinary frequency and/or incontinence, and progressive mental impairment and dementia. An individual with this type of hydrocephalus may have a general slowing of movements or may complain that his or her feet feel "stuck." Because some of these symptoms may also be experienced in other disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, normal pressure hydrocephalus is often incorrectly diagnosed and never properly treated. Doctors may use a variety of tests, including brain scans (CT and/or MRI), a spinal tap or lumbar catheter, intracranial pressure monitoring, and neuropsychological tests, to help them accurately diagnose normal pressure hydrocephalus and rule out any other conditions.

The symptoms described in this section account for the most typical ways in which progressive hydrocephalus manifests itself, but it is important to remember that symptoms vary significantly from one person to the next.

How is hydrocephalus diagnosed?

Hydrocephalus is diagnosed through clinical neurological evaluation and by using cranial imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or pressure-monitoring techniques. A physician selects the appropriate diagnostic tool based on an individual’s age, clinical presentation, and the presence of known or suspected abnormalities of the brain or spinal cord.

What is the current treatment?

Hydrocephalus is most often treated by surgically inserting a shunt system. This system diverts the flow of CSF from the CNS to another area of the body where it can be absorbed as part of the normal circulatory process.

A shunt is a flexible but sturdy plastic tube. A shunt system consists of the shunt, a catheter, and a valve. One end of the catheter is placed within a ventricle inside the brain or in the CSF outside the spinal cord. The other end of the catheter is commonly placed within the abdominal cavity, but may also be placed at other sites in the body such as a chamber of the heart or areas around the lung where the CSF can drain and be absorbed. A valve located along the catheter maintains one-way flow and regulates the rate of CSF flow.

A limited number of individuals can be treated with an alternative procedure called third ventriculostomy. In this procedure, a neuroendoscope — a small camera that uses fiber optic technology to visualize small and difficult to reach surgical areas — allows a doctor to view the ventricular surface. Once the scope is guided into position, a small tool makes a tiny hole in the floor of the third ventricle, which allows the CSF to bypass the obstruction and flow toward the site of resorption around the surface of the brain.

What are the possible complications of a shunt system?

Shunt systems are not perfect devices. Complications may include mechanical failure, infections, obstructions, and the need to lengthen or replace the catheter. Generally, shunt systems require monitoring and regular medical follow up. When complications occur, the shunt system usually requires some type of revision.

Some complications can lead to other problems such as overdraining or underdraining. Overdraining occurs when the shunt allows CSF to drain from the ventricles more quickly than it is produced. Overdraining can cause the ventricles to collapse, tearing blood vessels and causing headache, hemorrhage (subdural hematoma), or slit-like ventricles (slit ventricle syndrome). Underdraining occurs when CSF is not removed quickly enough and the symptoms of hydrocephalus recur. In addition to the common symptoms of hydrocephalus, infections from a shunt may also produce symptoms such as a low-grade fever, soreness of the neck or shoulder muscles, and redness or tenderness along the shunt tract. When there is reason to suspect that a shunt system is not functioning properly (for example, if the symptoms of hydrocephalus return), medical attention should be sought immediately.

What is the prognosis?

The prognosis for individuals diagnosed with hydrocephalus is difficult to predict, although there is some correlation between the specific cause of the hydrocephalus and the outcome. Prognosis is further complicated by the presence of associated disorders, the timeliness of diagnosis, and the success of treatment. The degree to which relief of CSF pressure following shunt surgery can minimize or reverse damage to the brain is not well understood.

Affected individuals and their families should be aware that hydrocephalus poses risks to both cognitive and physical development. However, many children diagnosed with the disorder benefit from rehabilitation therapies and educational interventions and go on to lead normal lives with few limitations. Treatment by an interdisciplinary team of medical professionals, rehabilitation specialists, and educational experts is critical to a positive outcome. Left untreated, progressive hydrocephalus may be fatal.

The symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus usually get worse over time if the condition is not treated, although some people may experience temporary improvements. While the success of treatment with shunts varies from person to person, some people recover almost completely after treatment and have a good quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment improves the chance of a good recovery.

What research is being done?

The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and other institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) conduct research related to hydrocephalus in laboratories and clinics at the NIH and support additional research through grants to major medical institutions across the country. Much of this research focuses on finding better ways to prevent, treat, and ultimately cure disorders such as hydrocephalus. The NINDS also conducts and supports a wide range of fundamental studies that explore the complex mechanisms of normal and abnormal brain development.

angin kemas glamour

Tip Mengenal Diri Sendiri Melalui Tarikh Lahir Dari Dr.Fadzilah Kamsah..

1. Pemimpin
2. Lembut
3. Kemas (Cerewet)
4. Rajin
5. Boleh berbincang
6. Angin
7. Patuh
8. Bisnes
9. Glamour

Contoh: 20 05 1981
2 + 0 = 2
Maka kotak pertama adalah 2..

Kemudian campurkan kesemua nombor..
2 + 0 + 0 + 5 + 1 + 9 + 8 + 1 = 26
Kemudian hasil campur yang lebih dari 9 akan dicampur lagi seperti :
2 + 6 = 8
Maka kotak kedua adalah 8..

Selepas itu kotak pertama akan dicampur ngan kotak kedua
2 + 8 = 10
Oleh kerana hasil campur lebih dari 9 maka dicampur lagi
1 + 0 = 1
Maka kotak ketiga ialah 1..

hasilnya..
2 : Lembut
8: Bisnes
1: Pemimpin

aku= 06 07 1979

kotak 1: 6

kotak 2: 6+7=13+1=14+9=23+7=30+9=39=3+9=12=1+2=3

kotak 3=kotak 1+ kotak 2=6+3=9

hasilnya:
6. Angin
3. Kemas (Cerewet)
9. Glamour

????

2. Lembut

5. Boleh berbincang

7. Patuh

????????? erk!!!

dengan bangganya...

pergh.. seket seket aku belajar guna adobe...

berlapis-lapis.. baru aku paham.... tak sabar aku nak godak lagi malam nnt... lebih senang dari guna paint yang satu satu nak detect...

lama aku tak dengar saujana

mana lah pergi budka budak nih eh... dah kerja ke dorang...



**
Rembulan..
Cahayanya menawan menerangi kegelapan malam
bebintang sinar berkelipan
menghiasi cahaya rembulan
bulan dan bintang menjadi saksi
kebesaran Ilahi

repeat **

chorus
Bintang-bintang bertaburan di angkasa
Angkasa raya
Panduan mereka yang berkelana
Perjalanan oh rembulan merentasi cakerawala
Petunjuk perkiraan tahunan
Bulan dan bintang menjadi saksi kebesaran Ilahi

Sinaran mentari menyinari bumi Tuhan ceria kembali
Awan berarak bebasnya
Memayungi alam semesta
Tunduk dan syukur pada Ilahi..
Kurniaan abadi

aku pasang balik!!!

semalam pagar sempadan umah di cabut... atas alasan senang nak makan makan... senang nak lalu lalang... ok... aku biarkan dulu...

hari ini... naik lemak pulak lemak tepu dan juga lemak tak tepu...

dah main bola sepak pulak kat depan umah nih... anak aku baru nak pejam mata dah jaga balik!!! tgh aku makan popia goreng cicah kuah sambal... naik darah aku!!! rasa nak campak je mangkuk berisi kuah itu... (harap maklum aku mmg hangin satu badan).. nasib baik aku teringat...ketap bibir kira sampai 10... alhamdulillah... aku nampak kelibat musuh aku tuh... aku buat muka menyinga gile gile punya... terus dia balik.. kakak dia nampak... pedulikkkkkkkkk!!!

nak main boleh... tapi main lah kat kawasan rumah ko.kalau tak cukup luas... tuh... kat padang tuh luas.. gi lah sana... dah banyak kali aku pesan sebelum ni...

selesai makan malam... aku dengan selamba... (nasib baik ina ada...) pasang balik kawat sempadan itu... terposak posak aku betulkannya... mula mula dengan ina... ina marah..marahkan adik dia...... "ko ingat umah ko ke nak buat sesuka hati" ina marah kat adik dia... semalam ina tak de... tapi mak dia pulak balas... "kan ramai ramai bukak semalam..."

aiyoh!!! mau tak terasa dak "tut" yang suruh bukak itu... yang ini aku tak mo cerita...

aku pasang balik... memula si budak tuh kata.. screw dah hilang... tapi bila ina dah tengking tengking... ada pulak screw itu... dasar pandai chong!!!

dah setel... selamat aku hari ini.. satu hari aku bengang... terbongeh aje... mana aku tak sakit...

syukur...

tak puas hati-luah aje!!!

Akademi Fantasia minggu ke-4:
uhuk uhuk..
memandangkan aku peminat Siti Nur Haliza... ehehehehe...
nak nak lagi lagu aku cinta padamu,
tak semena mena... si yazid yang sampaikan lagu itu pada konsert minggu ke-4, aku telah membazirkan kredit topup aku sebanyak 50 sen untuk dua undian bersamaan dengan RM1... (dengan RM1 aku boleh beli bayam seikat kat pasar nieh!!!) nasib dua kali je aku undi... he he he... aku tau yazid tidak dapat menyampaikan lagu itu dengan baik sekali, tapi aku tak tau hantu apakah yang telah melanda aku untuk mengundi beliau!!!
dan satu lagi aku mmg tak tau... hantu apakah yang telah merasuk aku...tiap kali lagu siti nurhaliza keluar kat tv dan siti nurhaliza menyanyikan nya... aku mesti tersenyum... pelik kan.. teringat lak masa dia buat iklan olay tuh... asal dia kuar je kat tv.. tgk senyuman dia aku pun turut tersenyum... berhantu!!! tak percaya???... suami aku bantai gelak sakan!!!

satu lagi isu yang aku suka bila aku tengok Diari AKademi Fantasia ada elemen tidak puas hati!!! aku memang suka bab-bab tak puas hati/gaduh gaduh ni... BAKAR DARAH!!!

di mana pun kita berada... pasti ada yang tidak sebulu!!! ye aku akui!!! walaupun aku ni tak kerja... sekarang... tapi dulu aku kerja... even aku tak kerja sekarang, aku hidup bermasyarakat...(masyarakat sgt lah kunun)...mana mana port pun, elemen tidak sebulu pasti ada... so bila aku tengok akademi fantasia... aku teringat masa aku kerja dulu dulu!!!!

erm... contoh eh.. masa aku kerja kat WWWmidvalleyCOM... ada puak puak tuh... ko geng sini... so ko tak leh geng sana... kalau ko kawan si ani.. ko tak boleh kawan ngan si anu... dengan macam macam kerenah!!! dengan bos!!! dengan sup.. dengan assist sup... dengan senior crew!!!

berbulu bulu dorang nih...

tiap tiap bulan ada meeting... best!!! masa nih... ada ala ala macam rini bersuara tak puas hti n juga hafiz... (aku suka cara ini)... tak puas hati... tgu masa meeting.. luah kan.... all out babe!!!

antara isu yang selalu dibangkitkan dari pengalaman:
pertukaran cuti suka sama suka... (aku on je.. janji time aku nak dating ngan hakmal korang boleh let go ngan aku)... ini isu hangat... dah nama meeting kan... ada sorang minah ni... time dia nak cuti nak dating lah nak shopping lah, nak balik kampung lah... kemain memujuk mintak tukar cuti... bukan dengan aku je.. tapi ada lah dua tiga ahli puak yang lain... time kami nak mintak tukar dengan dia... pergh mak... bakar darah ... so isu nih dibangkitkan dalam meeting...

remeh kan?... benda kecil pun nak masuk meeting!!! tapi akhiran nya... bos dengan kuasa yang dia ada... akhirnya.. kami semua berbaik baik... dan tiada yang berpuak puak... memula mmg semua bengang.. A tak puas hati dengan B, B tak puas hati denagn C, D bengang E, G bengang F... pasal cuti... kena give n take... bos mmg memahami jiwa anak anak buah nya yang nak gi dating!!!

nak tau bos buat macam mana... yang tak sebulu di satu kan shift!!! gah!!! nak tak nak hadap... so lelama ok jer... n baik baik... puak puak dah tak de.. sbb company tuh ada mission n vision... itu yang perlu di pegang...

itu baru isu pertukaran cuti, belum lagi isu... disiplin, termasuklah, lambat masuk...rehat lebih minit... mengular... malas buat kerja... acuh tak acuh dengan department sendiri... denagn perangai memasing yang ada panas baran, sensitif yang amat.. berlagak macam bos...

semua keluar dalam meeting... hah... tu sebab in every working environment o team environment mesti ada leader yang pandai tackle... macam cikgu siti hajar akademi fantasia... bukan nak menyibuk tujuannya.. tapi nak jadikan satu satu kumpulan tu ngam tau!!! so nampak harmoni.. tak suka o terasa hati luahkan.. baru best bila kerja kan... hanya yang pernah melalui saat ini baru akan ada rasa how good when we concern... sbb tu aku memahami hafiz dan akim...
rini dan bla bla...

daripada sini kita akan perbaiki kelemahan memasing...baru unite

tapi ada isu hangat yang aku nak bangkitkan ekoran cerita ini:

suka suka mak nenek dia je nak bukak sempadan!!! haiyoh... bila berjiran tak boleh buat gaya macam kat tempat kerja... aku pun tak tau kenapa... susah tol aku nak luahkan kat jiran aku nih... dah berkias ... tapi sesuka hati dia je nak bukak sempadan!!! lempang kang!! lepas tu ada pulak yang baik hati gi bukak kan!!! menyirap betol aku semalam!!! aku dah cakap "ini bukan rumah kita.. kita menyewa... tak payah lah bukak..." minah ni pulak "tak pe nanti boleh pasang balik.. bukan susah" lagi sorang minah hingusan jawab "alah mana kita nak tau dawai ni sape punya.. kan kat tengah tengah.. bior lah...ha ha ha tak tau nak jawab"

panas betul hati aku... ikut bara aku... gaduh dah semalam!!!! tapi aku teringat cikgu siti hajar ke cikgu pati... cakap...ketap bibir kira sampai sepuluh...

dasar tak reti bahasa betol!! hati aku meraung kepanasan semalam!!!

satu lagi kes:

so pagar sempadan dah bukak kan?... dah...
senang ah nak kuar masuk kawasan aku nih... (ye... umah sewa).... malam tadi... suami aku yang baik hati telah mengeluarkan drawing block Haziq Amirul Haq dengan 2 batang pensel... main tulis tulis kat laman rumah... datang si budak kecik yang aku anti bagai nak rak nih...

aku tak suka.. kalau harta orang buat macam harta sendiri!!! pantang betul aku...

dah main main semalam... suami aku masuk rumah... budak kecik (darjah 5) tuh boleh usung drawing block anak aku ngan pensel 2b brand noris staedtler masuk umah dia!!!berasap mulut aku keluar kan kata kata... eh eh eh.. drawing block haziq tuh... pensel tuh pensel haziq tuh!!!

sesuka hati mak nenek dia je nak amik... nak.. minta lah kat mak bapak ko... kakak ko pun ada kan? mintak lah...

suami aku beli drawing block tuh utk anak dia... so kalau macam gini gaya... asal org datang bagi... melampau!!! kalu duit tu sesenang hati boleh cop tak pe... ni budak tuh siap nak koyakkan lak... hui mak... membara aku... buku buku haziq yang haziq conteng belum ada yang aku buang... ko suka suka nak koyak... aku koyakkan muka ko nak?!!!

aku tak suka budak nih.. sbb kalau dia masuk rumah.. dia suka menggeledah rumah aku... dia buat macam rumah dia sendiri... tu sbb aku anti!!! dulu aku tak tau perangai dia.. aku kasi je lah masuk... nak main komputer aku kasi..nak makan kat umah aku, aku kasi... nak duit aku kasi... lama lama.. asyik mintak je... aku bengang lah!!!

hish...

aku ada anak nih.. 2 hero... jgn kutuk lelebih mak cik oi!!!

dah habis!!!

cake!!!! love cake so much...

I need your arms around me,
I need to feel your touch.

I need your understanding,
I need your love so much.

You tell me that you love me so,
You tell me that you care,
But when I need you,
(Baby) Baby (Your never there).

On the phone long, long distance,
Always through such strong resistance,
And first you say your too busy,
I wonder if you even miss me.

(CHORUS)
Never there,
You're never there,
You're never, ever, ever, ever there.
(Hey!)

A golden bird that flies away,
A candle stickled flame, (Hey!)
To think I held you yesterday,
Your love was just a game.
(Twice)

You tell me that you love me so,
You tell me that you care,
But when I need you, (baby)
Baby...

Take the time to get to know me,
If you want me why can't you just show me,
We're always on this roller coaster,
If you want me why don't you get closer.

(Chorus Twice)

(Hey!)
OOOOOOOhhhhh Ha!!!
Yeaaaaaa! Ho!



At first I was afraid
I was petrified
I kept thinking
I could never live without you by my side
But then I spent so many nights
Just thinking how you'd done me wrong
And I grew strong
I learned how to get along
So now you're back
From outer space
I just walked in to find you here
Without the look upon your face
I should have changed my f-ing lock
I would have made you leave your key
If I'd have known for just one second
You'd be back to bother me

Oh now go,
Walk out the door
Just turn around now
You're not welcome anymore
Weren't you the one who tried to break me with desire
Did you think I'd crumble
Did you think I'd lay down and die
Oh no, not I
I will survive
As long as I know how to love I know I'll be alive
I've got all my life to live
I've got all my love to give
I will survive
I will survive
Yeah, yeah

It took all the strength I had
Just not to fall apart
I'm trying hard to mend the pieces
Of my broken heart
And I spent oh so many nights
Just feeling sorry for myself
I used to cry
But now I hold my head up high
And you see me
With somebody new
I'm not that stupid little person still in love with you
And so you thought you'd just drop by
And you expect me to be free
But now I'm saving all my loving
For someone who's loving me

Oh now go,
Walk out the door
Just turn around now
You're not welcome anymore
Weren't you the one who tried to break me with desire
Did you think I'd crumble
Did you think I'd lay down and die
Oh no, not I
I will survive
As long as I know how to love I know I'll be alive
I've got all my live to live
I've got all my love to give
I will survive
I will survive
Yeah, yeah




You won't admit you love me.
And so how am I ever to know?
You only tell me
Perhaps, perhaps, perhaps.
A million times I ask you,
And then I ask you over again.
You only answer
Perhaps, perhaps, perhaps.

If you can't make your mind up,
We'll never get started.
And I don't wanna wind up
Being parted, broken-hearted.
So if you really love me,
Say yes.
But if you don't, dear, confess.
And please don't tell me
Perhaps, perhaps, perhaps.

If you can't make your mind up,
We'll never get started.
And I don't wanna wind up
Being parted, broken-hearted.
So if you really love me,
Say yes.
But if you don't, dear, confess.
And please don't tell me
Perhaps, perhaps, perhaps,
Perhaps, perhaps, perhaps,
Perhaps, perhaps, perhaps.